Poisoned Pipeline / Techniques / T0110
Advertise malicious artifact
An Advertise Malicious Artifact attack is a type of cyber attack in which an attacker distributes a malicious package or container image to a broader audience, typically by advertising it on popular repositories or registries.
The goal of this attack is to entice users into downloading and using the malicious artifact, thereby compromising their systems.
In this attack, the attacker may create a fake developer account or use an existing legitimate account to upload the malicious artifact to popular repositories or registries such as PyPI or DockerHub.
The attacker may then use various techniques to promote the malicious artifact, such as forum promotion, commenting, using misleading descriptions, tags, or keywords, or by hijacking popular package names.
Once users download and install the malicious package or container image, it can compromise their systems and potentially cause significant harm, such as stealing sensitive data or taking control of the system.
Where this idea came from
Inherited article citation; conference: DEF CON 34 “Hacking the Hackers who Hack Hackers” (Morag) — FirewallFalcon is promoted on Telegram as a legitimate open-source VPN manager and installs backdoors. Forum-style advertisement of a malicious tool, not a registry upload.
- https://defcon.org/html/defcon-34/dc-34-speakers.html#content_66596
- https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/malicious-lolip0p-pypi-packages-install-info-stealing-malware/
Mitigations
- M1090 Implement code and image signing
- M1500 Verify third-party artifacts and open-source libraries
- M1503 Implement SCA analysis
- M1730 Implement code reviews
- M1732 Implement code scanning for security risks
Detections
- D1090 Implement package or image integrity verification
- D1101 Monitor public registries for newly advertised packages
- D1500 Configure monitoring of used artifacts and open-source libraries
- D1510 Implement Intrusion Detection System and anti-malware
Observed in incidents (25)
- WEL1DROPPER / NUL1DROPPER npm slopsquatting
- Firefox Add-ons crypto-wallet theft
- Fake corepack.org infostealer and proxyware
- 175 npm packages hosting phishing infrastructure
- XPACK npm install-time crypto extortion (HTTP 402)
- Polymarket fake-bot and wallet-key npm campaign
- Registry abuse, starjacking, OAST, and LLM-developer targeting
- MacSync via signed fake Claude Desktop installers on a lookalike download site
- Fake TradingView macOS installer via YouTube ad
- 141 npm packages as adware hosting (terminal3airport)
- Apex Accelerator published a malicious npm coding agent and a fake audit MCP
- Seven fake NebulaAI npm packages drop a Windows KNTRAT at install
- Eleven NuGet packages posing as game cheats
- Forty-two RubyGems from reqthrottle_3474 run a reverse shell or a crypto stealer at install
- IndonesianFoods npm worm (86k+ packages)
- MALFEX npm campaign, including a native imgdecode loader with no install script
- crates.io arrayref / proc-macro1 build-time dropper
- Chrome and Edge crypto-wallet drainer extensions
- Fake VS Code security-alert GitHub malware campaign
- Spearphishing campaign abuses npm registry
- Malicious ClawHub / OpenClaw skills
- Microsoft counterfeit-installer campaign — same-named archives regenerate server-side per download
- Unclaimed packages in official llms.txt files
- RevStealer trojanized Electron apps via fake Claude desktop and cheat sites
- Stardrop npm campaign (VC, luxury, AI brands)